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Grüner Veltliner (Green Veltliner) is a variety of white wine grape variety grown primarily in Austria, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic. The leaves of the grape vine are five-lobed with bunches that are long but compact, and deep green grapes that ripen in mid-late October in the Northern Hemisphere. In 2008, Grüner Veltliner plantations in Austria stood at , and it accounts for 32.6% of all vineyards in the country, almost all of it being grown in the northeast of the country.〔(Österreich Wein: Dokumentation 2009 - Aufbau Weinland Österreich - Teil 1 ), p. 36, accessed on November 9, 2009 〕 Some is made into sparkling wine in the far northeast around Poysdorf. Along the Danube to the west of Vienna, in Wachau, Kremstal and Kamptal, it grows with Riesling in terraces reminiscent of the Rhine, on slopes so steep they can barely retain any soil. The result is a very pure, mineral wine capable of long aging, that stands comparison with some of the great wines of the world. In recent blind tastings organized by the Austrian Wine Marketing Board, Grüner Veltliners have beaten world-class Chardonnays from the likes of Mondavi and Maison Louis Latour. Outside of Austria, Grüner Veltliner is the second most widely grown white grape variety in the Czech Republic, encompassing approximately and resulting in approximately 11% of Czech wine production.〔(Wine of Czech Republic: Statistics and Charts ), accessed July 1, 2011〕 In recent years a few US wineries have started to grow and bottle Grüner Veltliner, including wineries and vineyards in Massachusetts, Oregon, Maryland, the North Fork of Long Island AVA and Finger Lakes AVA regions of New York State, Napa Valley, Clarksburg AVA, Monterey AVA and Santa Ynez Valley AVA in California, Ashtabula County, Ohio, Southern New Jersey, and along the Lake Michigan Shore AVA of Southwest Michigan. Gruner Veltliner is also planted in Australia, particularly in the Adelaide Hills wine region in South Australia, as well as the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada. Some ampelographers (such as Hermann Goethe in his 1887 handbook of ampelography) have long assumed that Grüner Veltliner is not related to the other varieties with "Veltliner" in their name (such as Roter Veltliner), or that it is only distantly related.〔 A first DNA analysis in the late 1990s secured Traminer as one parent of Grüner Veltliner, but was not able to identify the other parent among the candidates studied. The other parent was later found to be an originally unnamed variety of which only a single, abandoned, very old and weakened vine was found in Sankt Georgen am Leithagebirge outside Eisenstadt in Austria. The grape is therefore referred to as ''St. Georgener-Rebe'' or "St. Georgen-vine".〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 449-450 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2〕 Grüner Veltliner has a reputation of being a particularly food-friendly wine and is a popular offering on restaurant wine lists.〔Robinson, Jancis ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1-85732-999-6〕 It is made into wines of many different styles - much is intended for drinking young in the Heuriger (bars serving new wine) of Vienna, a little is made into sparkling wine, but some is capable of long aging. The steep, Rhine-like vineyards of the Danube west of Vienna produce very pure, mineral Grüner Veltliners intended for laying down. Down in the plains, citrus and peach flavors are more apparent, with spicy notes of pepper and sometimes tobacco. ==History== Grüner Veltliner has been believed to date back to Roman times with its name is derived from Veltlin (Valtellina) in northern Italy though ampelographers and wine historians have yet to find a link between the grape and the Italian commune.〔 The grape is likely indigenous to Austria.〔T. Stevenson, ed. ''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia (5th Edition)'' pgs 54,403, 448-451 Dorling Kindersley (2011) ISBN 9780756686840〕 The current name appeared in a document for the first time in 1855 - before that time it was known as ''Weißgipfler''.〔(Wein-Plus Glossar: Grüner Veltliner ), accessed 2013-01-22〕〔 Only by the 1930s was Grüner Veltliner established as the standard name of the grape. Until the Second World War it was regarded as just another Austrian grape, it took Lenz Moser's ''Hochkultur'' system of vine training to really get the best out of it, and it expanded quickly in plantation from the 1950s to later become Austria's most planted variety.〔 In recent years, Grüner Veltliner has seen an uptick in interest following the results of a 2002 wine tasting organized by Masters of Wine Jancis Robinson and Tim Atkin. Here Grüner Veltliner from Austria beat out several highly acclaimed white ''Grand cru''wines from Burgundy.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grüner Veltliner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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